បណ្តាញគុណភាពខ្យល់នៅប៉ូឡូញ [Airnet Poland]ផែនទីមើលឃើញគុណភាពខ្យល់តាមពេលវេលាជាក់ស្តែង
ល្អ | មធ្យម | Unhealthy for sensitive groups | មិនល្អ | មិនល្អខ្លាំង | គ្រោះថ្នាក់ |
កំពុងរកមើលទីក្រុងផ្សេងទៀត?
បញ្ចូលឈ្មោះទីក្រុង
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ស្ថានីយ៍ដែលបានទស្សនាពីមុន៖
តើអ្នកស្គាល់ស្ថានីយ៍គុណភាពខ្យល់ណាមួយនៅក្នុងតំបន់របស់អ្នកទេ?ហេតុអ្វីមិនចូលរួមផែនទីជាមួយស្ថានីយ៍គុណភាពខ្យល់របស់អ្នក?
ម៉ូនីទ័រគុណភាពខ្យល់ GAIA របស់យើងមានភាពងាយស្រួលក្នុងការដំឡើង៖ អ្នកគ្រាន់តែត្រូវការចំណុចចូលប្រើ WIFI និងការផ្គត់ផ្គង់ថាមពលដែលត្រូវគ្នាជាមួយ USB ប៉ុណ្ណោះ។
នៅពេលដែលបានភ្ជាប់ កម្រិតនៃការបំពុលខ្យល់តាមពេលវេលាពិតរបស់អ្នកអាចរកបានភ្លាមៗនៅលើផែនទី និងតាមរយៈ API ។
ស្ថានីយនេះភ្ជាប់មកជាមួយខ្សែថាមពលមិនជ្រាបទឹក 10 ម៉ែត្រ ការផ្គត់ផ្គង់ថាមពល USB ឧបករណ៍ភ្ជាប់ និងបន្ទះស្រូបពន្លឺព្រះអាទិត្យស្រេចចិត្ត។
ចំណាត់ថ្នាក់គុណភាពខ្យល់តាមប្រទេស
មតិព័ត៌មានបណ្តាញ Airnet
Dubai Municipality- Environment Department - Environmental Planning And Studies Section 8 stations Abuja SERLCAR Space Environment Research Laboratory, Center for Atmospheric Research, Abuja1 stations 🇦🇪AED - Environment Agency – Abu Dhabi ( هيئة البيئة - أبو ظبي) 57 stations 🇲🇪Agencija Za Zaštitu Prirode I životne Sredine - Montenegro Environement Protection Agency 10 stations 🇬🇧Air Quality In Wales 33 stations 🇨🇦Air Quality Ontario - The Ontario Ministry Of The Environment And Climate Change 38 stations 🇩🇪Air Quality, Saxon State Office (Luftqualität Sächsisches Landesamt Für Umwelt, Landwirtschaft Und Geologie) 50 stations 🇫🇷Airbreizh - Qualité De L'air En Bretagne 13 stations 🇧🇴 🇨🇱 🇲🇽 🇪🇨 🇵🇪 🇺🇸 🇲🇽 🇦🇷Aire Ciudadano Ciencia ciudadana por la Calidad del Aire617 stations 🇹🇭AirGradient Co. Ltd. 2158 stations 🇰🇿AirKaz.org 249 stations 🇫🇷AirParif - Association De Surveillance De La Qualité De L'air En Île-de-France 39 stations 🇺🇬 🇨🇲 🇪🇹 🇬🇭 🇰🇪 🇳🇬 🇸🇬AirQo Clean air for all African cities595 stations Alaska DEC- Division Of Air Quality Information, Alaska Department Of Enviromental Protection 55 stations 🇨🇦Alberta Environment And Sustainable Resource Development - Air Quality Monitoring 64 stations 🇬🇹Ambente 4 stations 🇱🇹Aplinkos Monitoringas Vilniaus 20 stations 🇺🇸AQMD NASA 69 stations AQSEA Air Quality Monitoring Capacity in Southeast Asia84 stations 🇫🇷ASPA Alsace : Pollution Atmosphérique, Surveillance De La Qualité De L’air 50 stations 🇫🇷ATMO Bourgogne-Franche-Comté - Surveillance De La Qualite De L’air 23 stations 🇫🇷Atmo En Hauts-de-France - Pas-de-Calais 38 stations 🇫🇷AtmoNAQ - La Qualité De L’air En Nouvelle Aquitaine 45 stations 🇦🇺Australian National University (ANU) 38 stations 🇲🇽Ayuntamiento De Mexicali 115 stations 🇮🇩Balai Besar Standardisasi Dan Pelayanan Jasa Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri (BBSPJPPI) 4152 stations 🇮🇩Bandung Institute Of Technology (ITB) 1 stations 🇧🇩Bangladesh University Of Engineering And Technology 10 stations 🇩🇪Bayern State Office For The Environment (Bayerisches Staatsministerium Für Umwelt Und Verbraucherschutz) - LfU 46 stations 🇩🇪Berlin Air Quality - (Luftqualität In Berlin) 14 stations 🇮🇩BMKG | Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi Dan Geofisika 28 stations 🇨🇦British Columbia, Canada Air Quality Monitoring Agency 77 stations 🇺🇸California EDCAQMD El Dorado County Air Quality Management District66 stations 🇺🇸California FRAQMD The Feather River AQMD1 stations 🇺🇸California RIVR Riverside County Air Quality Management District16 stations 🇺🇸California SBCAPCD Santa Barbara County Air Pollution Control District60 stations 🇺🇸California SCSB Sonoma Coast State Beach40 stations 🇨🇴 🇪🇸Canair.io Citizen network for monitoring air quality29 stations 🇺🇸CCA California Coalition for Clean Air219 stations 🇺🇸CCA Colorado Citizens for Clean Air71 stations CCA Coloradodo Citizens for Cln Air1 stations 🇺🇸CCST Crow Creek Sioux Tribe10 stations 🇲🇳Central Laboratory Of Environment And Metrology (CLEM) 9 stations 🇲🇬Centre National De Recherches Sur L'Environnement 8 stations 🇺🇸City Of Minneapolis Community Air Monitoring Project 103 stations Clarity Clarity Movement Co.2219 stations 🇺🇸Clean Air Carolina 100 stations Clean Air Nottingham 13 stations 🇺🇸Clean Air Now Kansas (CANK) 33 stations 🇺🇸CleanAIRE NC 146 stations 🇹🇭Cmu Ccdc 3240 stations 🇺🇸College Of Food, Agricultural And Natural Resource Sciences 1 stations 🇺🇸Colorado APCD Colorado Air Pollution Control Division68 stations 🇺🇸Colorado Department Of Environmental Protection 46 stations 🇨🇦Columbia Shuswap Regional District Air Monitoring Project 35 stations 🇪🇸Consejería De Educación, Universidades Y Sostenibilidad - Gobierno De Canarias 49 stations 🇪🇸Conselleria De Infraestructuras, Territorio Y Medio Ambiente (Calidad Del Aire - CALIDAD AMBIENTAL) 23 stations 🇮🇪Cork City Council CCC Cork City Council Air Monitoring Project53 stations 🇭🇷Croatian Environment Agency - Agencija Za Zaštitu Okoliša 59 stations 🇦🇺CSIRO Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation35 stations Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (Český Hydrometeorologický ústav) 188 stations 🇦🇩Departament De Medi Ambient D'Andorra - Qualitat De L'Aire A Andorra 4 stations 🇪🇸Departamento De Medio Ambiente, Planificación Territorial Y Vivienda · Gobierno Vasco 62 stations 🇧🇩Department Of Environment-Government Of The People's Republic Of Bangladesh পরিবেশ অধিদপ্তর-গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশ সরকার 17 stations 🇪🇸Direccion General Medio Ambiente, Comunidad Autónoma De La Región De Murcia 11 stations 🇳🇬EdoState Edo State Nigeria3 stations 🇺🇸EJCAN Environmental Justice Community Action Network28 stations 🇦🇺Environment Protection Authority | EPA Victoria 26 stations 🇨🇦Environnement Au Québec 41 stations 🇨🇭EPFL-LAPI Laboratory of atmospheric processes and their impacts7 stations Federalni Hidrometeorološki Zavod 25 stations 🇺🇸Florida Department Of Environmental Protection 68 stations 🇱🇰Foundation For Environment, Climate And Technology (FECT) 11 stations 🇺🇸FRESSCA Filtration for Respiratory Exposure to wildfire Smoke from Swamp Cooler Air47 stations Galapagos UNC/USFQ Galapagos Science Center0 stations 🇵🇪GeoHealthPeru Regional GEOHealth Hub in Peru179 stations Ghana AQ The Ghana Urban Air Quality Project (GHAir)13 stations 🇳🇵Government Of Nepal, Ministry Of Population And Environment, Department Of Environment Air Quality Monitoring 24 stations 🇫🇷GWAD'AIR, L’Association Agréée De Surveillance De La Qualité De L'Air En Guadeloupe 6 stations HabitatMap 1886 stations 🇺🇸Hawaii State Department Of Health 2 stations Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department - 空氣質素健康指數單張及海報 18 stations 🇺🇸Houston AAH Air Alliance Houston99 stations 🇭🇺Hungarian Air Quality Network (Maďarský Systém Na Meranie Znečistenia Vzduchu) 62 stations IFRO Karolinska Institutet3 stations 🇫🇮Ilmanlaatu - Air Quality In Finland 90 stations 🇲🇽INECC - Instituto Nacional De Ecología Y Cambio Climático 179 stations 🇯🇪Information And Public Services For The Island Of Jersey (L'înformâtion Et Les Sèrvices Publyis Pouor I'Île Dé Jèrri) 2 stations 🇽🇰Instituti Hidrometeorologjik I Kosovës 12 stations 🇦🇴Instituto Superior Politécnico Tundavala 8 stations 🇧🇪IRCEL-CELINE - Belgian Interregional Environment Agency 86 stations 🇮🇪Ireland Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 110 stations 🇯🇵Japan Atmospheric Environmental Regional Observation System (環境省大気汚染物質広域監視システム) 37 stations 🇯🇵Japan Atmospheric Environmental Regional Observation System (環境省大気汚染物質広域監視システム) 86 stations 🇯🇵Japan Atmospheric Environmental Regional Observation System (環境省大気汚染物質広域監視システム) 118 stations 🇦🇷Jujuy Municipio de San Salvador de Jujuy0 stations 🇮🇩Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup Dan Kehutanan 154 stations 🇺🇦Kievoblast Ecology 13 stations 🇫🇷L'observatoire De La Qualité De L'air En Région Sud Provence-Alpes-Côte D'Azur 57 stations 🇬🇹Laboratorio ECOQUIMSA Guatemala 11 stations 🇭🇳Laboratorio ECOQUIMSA Honduras 1 stations Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory 5 stations 🇩🇪Landesamt Für Umwelt, Naturschutz Und Geologie - LUNG 17 stations 🇩🇪Landesamt Für Umwelt- Und Arbeitsschutz 9 stations 🇩🇪Landesamt Für Umweltschutz Sachsen-Anhalt 25 stations 🇩🇪LANUV - State Agency For Nature, Environment And Consumer Protection Of North Rhine Westphalia (Landesamt Für Natur, Umwelt Und Verbraucherschutz NRW) 61 stations 🇬🇷LAPUP Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics of the University of Patras8 stations 🇸🇳LASOMED Université Gaston Berger1 stations 🇸🇳LPAOSF Laboratoire de Recherche dans le domaine du Climat, de l'Atmosphére et de l'Océanographie2 stations 🇩🇪Luftqualität In Schleswig-Holstein 15 stations 🇩🇪Luftqualität | Nds. Ministerium Für Umwelt, Energie Und Klimaschutz 28 stations 🇩🇪Luftreinhaltung Rheinland-Pfalz 25 stations 🇺🇦LUN City Air (ЛУН Місто Air) 203 stations 🇫🇷Madininair La Qualité De L’air En Martinique 7 stations 🇺🇸Massachusetts MASSDEP Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection82 stations 🇪🇸Medi Ambient. Generalitat De Catalunya 62 stations Meteo Lausanne 1 stations 🇲🇬Meteo Madagascar 9 stations 🇺🇸Methow Valley Citizens Council 31 stations 🇪🇨Metropolitan Air Monitoring Network Of Quito Managed By Secretaria De Ambiente DMQ. 9 stations 🇵🇦MiAmbiente Ministerio de Ambiente de Panamá5 stations 🇺🇸Michigan Department Of Environmental Quality 40 stations 🇺🇸Mid-Ohio MORPC Mid-Ohio Regional Planning Commission133 stations 🇶🇦Ministry Of Environment And Climate Change, State Of Qatar 8 stations Ministry Of Environment And Physical Planning – Republic Of North Macedonia 22 stations Moenv.mv Ministry of Climate Change, Environment and Energy, Maldives1 stations 🇪🇸Monitorización Red De Calidad Del Aire Del Principado De Asturias 23 stations 🇺🇸MPCA Minnesota Pollution Control Agency23 stations 🇨🇦MSC / UNBC AQMap 1005 stations 🇺🇸Multnomah MULTCO Multnomah County Climate and Health16 stations 🇨🇭NABEL / FOEN - Switzerland Federal Office For The Environment 14 stations NASA CSESP / RTI 207 stations National Agency For Meteorology And Environmental Monitoring (Цаг уур орчны шинжилгээний газар ) 21 stations 🇵🇪National University Of San Agustin Of Arequipa 0 stations 🇸🇪Natur Vårdsverket - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency 65 stations 🇺🇸NCC New Castle County Air Quality5 stations 🇫🇷NebuleAir 145 stations 🇳🇵Nepal Health Research Council 7 stations 🇺🇸Nevada NDEP Nevada Division of Environmental Protection166 stations 🇨🇦New Foundland And Labrador Department Of Environment And Conservation 7 stations 🇨🇦Nova Scotia Environment 8 stations 🇦🇺NSW Department Of Planning And Environment 131 stations 🇨🇦NWT Air Quality Monitoring Network 7 stations 🇨🇴OAB - El Observatorio Ambiental De Bogotá 19 stations 🇫🇷Observatoire Agréé Pour Assurer La Surveillance De La Qualité De L’air Sur Le Territoire De La Région Occitanie 42 stations 🇫🇷Observatoire De La Qualité De L'air En Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes 81 stations 🇫🇷Observatoire De La Qualité De L'Air à Mayotte - Association Agréée Pour La Surveillance De La Qualité De L'Air De Mayotte 4 stations 🇦🇺Office Of Environment And Heritage - NSW 97 stations 🇴🇲Oman Environment Authority 45 stations 🇨🇦Ontario MECP Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks27 stations Open Sense 401 stations 🇫🇷ORA - L'Observatoire Réunionnais De L’Air 15 stations 🇫🇷ORA Guyane - Observatoire Régional De L'Air De Guyane 5 stations 🇺🇸Oregon CTUIR Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation36 stations 🇺🇸Oregon Department Of Environmental Quality (DEQ) 79 stations Osc.lk The Overseas School of Colombo4 stations 🇨🇭OSTLUFT - Die Luftqualitätsüberwachung Der Ostschweizer Kantone Und Des Fürstentums Liechtenstein 16 stations 🇬🇭Oxygen City Environmental Protection Agency in Ghana2 stations 🇮🇳Paljor Naygyal Girls School 1 stations 🇬🇷PANACEA PANhellenic infrastructure for Atmospheric Composition and climatE chAnge113 stations 🇵🇪PCUP Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú5 stations 🇺🇸Physicians For Social Responsibility Pennsylvania 94 stations 🇱🇺Portail De L'Environnement Du Grand-duché De Luxembourg 5 stations 🇵🇹Portugal -Agencia Portuguesa Do Ambiente - Qualidade Do Ar 69 stations 🇧🇷Projeto EDUC.AIR Programa de Educação em Qualidade do Ar27 stations Purple Air 67203 stations 🇫🇷Qualitair Région Corse - Surveillance De La Qualité De L'air En Corse 7 stations 🇮🇹Qualità Dell’aria | Agenzia Provinciale Per L'ambiente | Provincia Autonoma Di Bolzano - Alto Adige 14 stations 🇨🇦Québec CEAEQ Centre d'expertise en analyse environnementale du Québec88 stations 🇮🇳Respirer Living Sciences 71 stations 🇨🇦Revolv'Air, Outil De Analyse De L'air Du Québec 74 stations RIVM - Rijksinstituut Voor Volksgezondheid En Milieum, Landelijk Meetnet Luchtkwaliteit 112 stations SAMOSA Sensor-based Air measurement Observatory for South Asia337 stations 🇹🇭Sansiri 58 stations 🇺🇦Save Dnipro 1790 stations 🇧🇷SEMA_AM Secretaria de Estado de Meio Ambiente55 stations 🇵🇪SENAMHI Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú6 stations 🇩🇪 🇫🇷 🇪🇸 🇳🇱 🇩🇰 🇧🇪 🇫🇮 🇬🇷 🇦🇺 🇮🇹 🇵🇱 🇻🇳Sensor Community formerly luftdaten.info34085 stations 🇸🇷SEPA - Serbian National Air Monitoring Network (Državna Mreža Za Automatski Monitoring Kvaliteta Vazduha) 87 stations 🇸🇨Seychelles Air Monitoring 12 stations 🇬🇩SGU-GND St. George’s University13 stations 🇨🇱Sistema Nacional De Calidad Del Aire En Chile 131 stations 🇸🇰Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute (Slovenský Hydrometeorologický ústav) 64 stations 🇸🇮Slovenian Environment Agency (Agencija RS Za Okolje) 25 stations 🇿🇦South African Air Quality Information System - SAAQIS 190 stations 🇫🇷Surveillance De La Qualité De L'air Dans La Région Centre 23 stations 🇺🇸Texas Commission On Environmental Quality (TCEQ) 139 stations 🇺🇸Texas UNT-GEO University of North Texas, Department of Geography and the Environment99 stations 🇩🇰The Department Of Environmental Science At Aarhus University - Institut For Miljøvidenskab 5 stations 🇮🇸The Environment Agency Of Iceland 19 stations 🇬🇱The School In Qaanaaq 1 stations 🇩🇪Thüringer Landesamt Für Umwelt, Bergbau Und Naturschutz 20 stations 🇯🇵Tokyo, Japan Environment Agency (東京都環境局) 89 stations U.S. Department Of State 66 stations 🇸🇳UASZ Université Assane Seck de Ziguinchor2 stations 🇨🇦UCM Environnement Québec11 stations 🇺🇸UCM University of California Merced374 stations 🇬🇧UK-AIR, Air Quality Information Resource - Defra, UK 73 stations 🇦🇹Umweltbundesamt 183 stations 🇩🇪Umweltbundesamt | Für Mensch Und Umwelt 7 stations 🇳🇬UNILAG AQMRG University of Lagos Air Quality Monitoring Research Group5 stations 🇨🇴Universidad De Los Llanos 1 stations 🇵🇪Universidad Nacional Intercultural Juan Santos Atahualpa 3 stations 🇵🇪Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH) 4 stations 🇧🇴Universidad Privada Boliviana 3 stations 🇳🇦University Of Namibia 1 stations 🇲🇺UoM University of Mauritius1 stations 🇷🇴 🇮🇱URad Monitor 3703 stations 🇸🇳USSEIN Université du Sine Saloum El-hâdj ibrahima NIASS2 stations Utopia Fiber UTOPIA Fiber powered air quality monitoring program197 stations Utopia Fiber UTUTOPIA Fiber powered air quality monitoring program1 stations 🇻🇳Vietnam Center For Environmental Monitoring Portal (cổng Thông Tin Quan Trắc Môi Trường) 86 stations 🇨🇦Ville De Montreal - Réseau De Surveillance De La Qualité De L'air 20 stations Waqi World Air Quality Index data feed11 stations 🇺🇸Washington SCSB Northwest Clean Air Agency77 stations 🇺🇸Washington State Department Of Ecology 132 stations 🇺🇸WE ACT For Environmental Justice West Harlem Environmental Action, Inc11 stations 🇦🇺Western Australia DWER Western Australia Department of Water and Environmental Regulation19 stations 🇿🇲Zambia CEEEZ Centre for Energy, Environment and Engineering1 stations 🇬🇷ΥΠΟΥΡΓΕΙΟ ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΟΝΤΟΣ ΚΑΙ ΕΝΕΡΓΕΙΑΣ - Greek Ministry Of Environment And Energy 14 stations 🇰🇿Қазгидромет - Kazhydromet 176 stations 🇹🇭ยักษ์ขาว Yakkaw (White Giant) 412 stations 🇺🇸საქართველოს გარემოს დაცვისა და სოფლის მეურნეობის სამინისტრო - Ministry Of Environment Protection And Agriculture Of Georgia 15 stations
អំពីគុណភាពខ្យល់ និងការវាស់វែងការបំពុល៖
| - | តម្លៃសន្ទស្សន៍គុណភាពខ្យល់ (AQI) | Levels of Health Concern |
| 0 - 50 | ល្អ | គុណភាពខ្យល់ត្រូវបានចាត់ទុកថាពេញចិត្តហើយការបំពុលបរិយាកាសបង្កឱ្យមានហានិភ័យតិចតួចឬគ្មាន |
| 51 -100 | មធ្យម | គុណភាពខ្យល់អាចទទួលយកបាន។ ទោះជាយ៉ាងណាក៏ដោយចំពោះការបំពុលមួយចំនួនវាអាចមានការព្រួយបារម្ភខាងសុខភាពក្នុងកម្រិតតិចតួចចំពោះមនុស្សតិចតួចដែលងាយទទួលរងការបំពុលខ្យល់។ |
| 101-150 | Unhealthy for sensitive groups | សមាជិកនៃក្រុមរសើបអាចជួបប្រទះផលប៉ះពាល់សុខភាព។ សាធារណជនទូទៅមិនទំនងជារងផលប៉ះពាល់ទេ។ |
| 151-200 | មិនល្អ | មនុស្សគ្រប់រូបអាចចាប់ផ្តើមមានផលប៉ះពាល់ដល់សុខភាព។ សមាជិកនៃក្រុមដែលប្រកាន់អក្សរតូចធំអាចមានផលប៉ះពាល់សុខភាពធ្ងន់ធ្ងរបន្ថែមទៀត |
| 201-300 | មិនល្អខ្លាំង | ការព្រមានអំពីសុខភាពនៃស្ថានភាពគ្រាអាសន្ន។ ប្រជាជនទាំងមូលទំនងជារងផលប៉ះពាល់។ |
| 300+ | គ្រោះថ្នាក់ | ការប្រុងប្រយ័ត្នផ្នែកសុខភាព: មនុស្សគ្រប់រូបអាចមានផលប៉ះពាល់ធ្ងន់ធ្ងរលើសុខភាព |
ដើម្បីដឹងបន្ថែមអំពីគុណភាពខ្យល់ និងការបំពុល សូមពិនិត្យមើល ប្រធានបទគុណភាពខ្យល់ wikipedia ឬ មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍ airnow អំពីគុណភាពខ្យល់ និងសុខភាពរបស់អ្នក ។
សម្រាប់ដំបូន្មានសុខភាពដ៏មានប្រយោជន៍របស់វេជ្ជបណ្ឌិតទីក្រុងប៉េកាំង Richard Saint Cyr MD សូមពិនិត្យមើលប្លក់ www.myhealthbeijing.com ។
សេចក្តីជូនដំណឹងអំពីការប្រើប្រាស់: ទិន្នន័យគុណភាពខ្យល់ទាំងអស់មិនត្រូវបានគេប៉ាន់ស្មាននៅពេលបោះពុម្ភផ្សាយនោះទេហើយដោយសារតែការធានាគុណភាពនេះទិន្នន័យទាំងនេះអាចត្រូវបានកែប្រែដោយគ្មានការជូនដំណឹងគ្រប់ពេលវេលា។ គម្រោងសន្ទស្សន៍គុណភាពខ្យល់អាកាសពិភពលោកបានអនុវត្តនូវជំនាញនិងការថែទាំដែលសមស្របទាំងអស់ក្នុងការចងក្រងមាតិកានៃព័ត៌មាននេះហើយក្នុងករណីណាក៏ដោយក្រុមការងារគម្រោងសន្ទស្សន៍គុណភាពខ្យល់អាកាសពិភពលោកឬភ្នាក់ងាររបស់វាត្រូវទទួលខុសត្រូវលើកិច្ចសន្យាខូចខាតឬបើមិនដូច្នោះទេសម្រាប់ការបាត់បង់របួសឬខូចខាត ដែលកើតឡើងដោយផ្ទាល់ឬដោយប្រយោលពីការផ្គត់ផ្គង់ទិន្នន័យនេះ។
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